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History of English - Old English


Описание раздела  "History of English - Old English"

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The Old English language (also called Anglo-Saxon) dates back to 449 CE. Old English should not be regarded as a single monolithic entity just as Modern English is also not monolithic. Within Old English, there were language variations.


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Список статей в разделе "History of English - Old English"

1

Interrogative pronouns. Relative pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns.

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Interrogative pronouns. There are three common interrogative pronouns: hwā, the ancestor of Modern English who/what; hwelċ/hwilċ/hwylċ, which gives Modern English which;...

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2

Syntax. Word order. Questions. Prepositions and postpositions.

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

OE was largely a synthetic language; it possessed a system of grammatical forms, which could indicate the connection between words; consequently, the functional load of syntactic ways of word connection was relatively small. It was primarily a spoken language, therefore the...

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3

Pronouns

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Most pronouns are declined by number, case and gender; in the plural form most pronouns have only one form for all genders. Additionally, Old English pronouns reserve the dual form (which is specifically for talking about groups of two things, for example "we two" or...

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4

Nouns. The athematic nouns. Irregular strong nouns.

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

The OE noun had two grammatical categories: number and case. The category of number consisted of two members, singular and plural, they were well distinguished formally in all the declensions. The noun had four cases: Nominative, Genitive, Dative and...

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5

Inflection in Old English

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Old English was a moderately inflected language, using an extensive case system similar to that of modern German. Middle and Modern English lost progressively more of the Old English inflectional system. The English possessive indicator 's (as in "Jane's book") is a remnant of the Old English...

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6

Vocabulary

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

The OE vocabulary was almost purely Germanic; except for a small number of borrowings, it consisted of native words inherited from PG or formed from native roots and affixes. Native words. Native OE words can be subdivided into a number of etymological layers from different historical...

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7

Phonology and spelling

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Spelling. OE alphabet used two kinds of letters: the runes and the letters of the Latin alphabet. The bulk of the OE material is written in the Latin script. The most interesting peculiarity of OE writing was the use of some runic characters,...

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8

The Old English Dialects

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Old English should not be regarded as a single monolithic entity just as Modern English is also not monolithic. Within Old English, there were language variations. Old English has variation along regional lines as well as variation across different times. The...

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9

Historical background

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

Old English (449 - 1066 CE). Reliable evidence of that period is extremely scarce. The story of the invasion is told by Bede (673-735), a monastic scholar who wrote the first history of England. The Old English language (also called Anglo-Saxon) dates back to 449 CE....

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10

The aims of studying the history of the English language. Periodisation.

Добавлено: 25.04.2011 пользователем Ranez.Ru

In studying Modern English we regard the language as fixed in time and describe each linguistic level – phonetics, grammar or lexis – synchronically. When considered diachronically, every linguistic fact is interpreted as a stage or step in the never-ending evolution...

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